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Anxiety can hinder your daily life, so it's important to seek help if you have severe anxiety.
treatment for panic and anxiety attacks options include lifestyle changes like decreasing stress and engaging in regular physical exercise. Your doctor may also recommend psychological therapy.
FDA approved a range of medications to treat anxiety disorders. These include SNRIs and SSRIs which affect the neurotransmitter serotonin. Anticonvulsants such as pregabalin can help reduce anxiety by affecting GABA receptors.
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines calm the nervous system by acting on it. They work by increasing the effects of a brain neurotransmitter known as gamma aminobutyric acids (GABA). GABA inhibits nerve activity in the spine and brain cord and helps to reduce anxiety.
Contrary to antidepressants, which may take a long time to begin working, benzodiazepines have the ability to alleviate anxiety symptoms quickly. These are highly-risk medications for abuse and dependency. This is because the body adjusts to benzodiazepines through regular use and can result in physical dependence. Despite the risks they are a reliable treatment for anxiety, even when other options aren't available or do not provide relief.
It is crucial to talk with your physician prior to taking benzodiazepines. They will be able help you determine the cause of your anxiety, and also discuss other treatments that may be more appropriate. Therapies that involve talking, such as cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and exposure therapy, and more can help you identify the root causes of anxiety. They can also teach you techniques for coping.
Benzodiazepines do not usually come first in the
treatment for anxiety symptoms of anxiety disorders since they can cause dangerous effects when paired with other substances or alcohol. They can also be addicting and carry a high overdose risk. The first benzodiazepines were released in the 1950s with chlordiazepoxide (Librium, Limbitrol) followed by diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan). All of these drugs carry an in-box warning stating that they can cause serious side effects, such as severe sleepiness and breathing problems.
SSRIs
SSRIs are a class of antidepressant medications that is often the first choice among those suffering from anxiety. These drugs boost the levels of certain chemical messengers, namely serotonin (and norepinephrine) in the brain. They also regulate other important chemicals such as those that regulate mood and sleep and decrease stress hormones within the body. Prozac is the most commonly prescribed SSRI. Other SSRIs are Lexapro Zoloft and Paxil. SNRIs are Effexor XR Cymbalta and Pristiq.
While experts aren't sure exactly
how to treat anxiety and stress SSRIs work to alleviate anxiety however, they are aware that these meds improve the way your brain functions. They boost glial cell function (these are the brain cells that help, nourish, insulate and protect your neurons) and increase BDNF levels (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) and increase levels of serotonin itself. The precise mechanism of action isn't understood fully but it could be a combination of factors.
SSRIs as with other kinds of medication, can take up to a month to begin working. They require regular treatments to maintain their effectiveness. They can cause side effects, including nausea and diarrhea. They can also cause low sodium levels in certain people, and they can affect libido in certain males. Your physician will decide the time frame you'll need to use them, based on your symptoms and other treatments you're using. They may advise you to continue taking them for a period of 6 to 12 months, or assist you to decrease the dosage and stop taking the medication. They may also suggest other therapies, like psychotherapy, herbs and supplements that can treat anxiety-related symptoms like Vistaril for itching, or chamomile for sleep.
Beta-blockers
Beta-blockers (also called beta-adrenergic blocks) block adrenaline's binding to your heart's receptors. This allows your heart to relax and reduces blood pressure. They are often prescribed for anxiety and can be a great alternative to traditional medication for psychiatric disorders that can have negative side effects.
While beta-blockers can help reduce the physical symptoms of anxiety, they do not address the underlying mental factors that cause stress. They are typically used to manage specific situations that can trigger anxiety, like public speaking or flying. They can be used in combination with therapy to treat the underlying anxiety disorder or used on their own as long-term daily medication.
Because of the way they work beta blockers may cause a number of adverse effects, such as hypotension and bradycardia. They can also cause you to feel shaken and sweaty. Some people with COPD (chronic obstruction of the lungs) or diabetes should not use them.
Despite their side effects, beta blockers are still extensively studied and used. They've been available since decades and are generally considered to be safe for adults. They're also reasonably priced and readily available compared to other drugs. For a lot of people, the risk of side effects is worth the trade-off for their effectiveness.
Beta-blockers are a good alternative for people with moderate to mild anxiety. They can be more effective than benzodiazepines which are better for those with severe or life-threatening anxiety disorders. However, they won't solve your underlying problem and are best for short-term anxiety like prior to major events like the speech or flight. In addition to decreasing anxiety, they can help you sleep better and manage your blood sugar.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) inhibit the enzyme that breaks down monoamine neurotransmitters. They enhance the availability of serotonin as well as other neurotransmitters, such as melatonin and epinephrine for transmission by preventing their breakdown in neurons. They are most commonly used in the form of antidepressants, but they also have some effectiveness in treating anxiety disorders. They can be used as a single drug or in combination. They are also used to treat Parkinson's disease as well as other conditions. Eugenol is an essential oil found in bud, leaf, and the stem of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and in the bark of cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum). Eugenol has been found to have MAOI inhibitory activity in a test tube and may interact with these medications.
MAOIs can cause serious side effects, so they aren't the first medicine doctors recommend for treating depression or anxiety. Usually, they are reserved for those who are unable to respond to other medications. They can also be used to treat a variety of conditions, such as Fibromyalgia and Parkinson's disease. They can cause low pressure when you get up from a seated or lying position. This is called orthostatic hypertension.
Typical MAOIs include phenelzine, tranylcypromine, and isocarboxazid. Phenelzine has only a few studies on panic disorder, and is the drug of choice for people suffering from atypical depression, while tranylcypromine is been praised for its positive adverse effects. These drugs aren't as powerful as SSRIs however they can be helpful in treating certain types anxiety and depression disorders.
The older MAOIs may not be as safe as the newer reversible MAOIs such Moclobemide and selegiline. They are more effective in increasing monoamine levels involved in depression disorders than older MAOIs. They are less likely than older MAOIs to trigger high blood pressure, but still carry a risk of developing pharmacological dependency.
Buspirone
Combining therapy with medication is the
best medication to treat anxiety and depression method to manage anxiety. The use of medications can help ease symptoms, but only when under the supervision of a physician. There are many different medicines for anxiety, and they can be different for each individual. To determine which one is right for you, speak to your doctor and explain your symptoms.
Buspirone is an FDA-approved anti-anxiety medication that works by altering the neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine. It helps reduce mood and anxiety symptoms without the feeling of sedation. It is also less likely to become habit-forming than other sedatives, such as benzodiazepines. This makes it a great choice for people who want to control their anxiety but don't want to use a drug like Xanax.
SSRIs or SNRIs are often the first choice for treatment for generalized anxiety disorder. These antidepressants are able to regulate mood and boost serotonin levels. They are often used in conjunction with anxiety medicines like benzodiazepines. They aren't usually prescribed for prolonged periods of time because they are addictive and can cause negative side effects, such as drowsiness.
Psychological treatments for GAD such as medication have been proven to be effective in the short-term and can improve the outcome over time. These include cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), exposure therapy, and creative or artistic therapies. Psychological therapy can help people learn methods to manage their depression and anxiety which can help them manage their symptoms and live a full life. Additionally that a lot of these treatments are accessible online and could be covered by insurance. For instance, Brightside is an online therapy service that provides various depression and anxiety treatments that include CBT.
